ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Salt-Induced Differences During the Gene Expression of Telomerase Enzyme in Sunflower
Background: Salinity is one of the most important environmental stresses which reduces the nutrient uptake, growth and yield of crops including sunflower. Objectives: The aim of this study was evaluating the expression pattern of telomerase gene, TERT, in sunflower plants under salinity stress. Materials and Methods: Sunflower plants of both sensitive and resistant lines were grown in greenhouse and treated with different levels of NaCl (2, 5 and 8 dSm-1). The expression pattern of TERT gene was evaluated at 8th leaf stage 6, 12 and 24 hours post salt treatment using real time-PCR, since the effects of salt stress are eventually manifested in the leaves. Results: In both lines, salt-subjected plants showed reduced size and dried leaves, due to breakthrough of the growth. Compared to the control group, treated groups tended to indicate downregulated pattern of TERT gene expression. Conclusions: This study offers TERT as a new gene affected by salt stress when growth is arrested.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_111376_4878963e357d994036e01e739820c5fc.pdf
2021-03-01
1
8
10.30498/IJB.2021.2579
salt stress
Sunflower
TERT gene expression
Maryam
Parvini Kohnehshahri
m.parvini@iaurmia.ac.ir
1
Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Teymuri
mehdi.teymuri9@gmail.com
2
Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Darvishzadeh
r.darvishzadeh@urmia.ac.ir
3
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Topological Analysis of Regulatory Networks Reveals Functionally Key Genes and miRNAs Involved in the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Background: The details of molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) into specific lineages are not well understood. Objectives: We aimed to construct the interactome network and topology analysis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell of CAGE data. Applying the enrichment results, we wanted to introduce the common genes and hub-microRNA and hubgenes of these giant network. Materials and Methods: In this study, we constructed gene regulatory networks for each non-mesenchymal cell lineage according to their gene expression profiles obtained from FANTOM5 database. The putative interactions of TF-gene and protein-protein were determined using TRED, STRING, HPRD and GeneMANIA servers. In parallel, a regulatory network including corresponding miRNAs and total differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was constructed for each cell lineage. Results: The results indicated that analysis of networks’ topology can significantly distinguish the hub regulatory genes and miRNAs involved in the differentiation of MSCs. The functional annotation of identified hub genes and miRNAs revealed that several signal transduction pathways i.e. AKT, WNT and TGFβ and cell proliferation related pathways play a pivotal role in the regulation of MSCs differentiation. We also classified cell lineages into two groups based on their predicted miRNA profiles. Conclusions: In conclusion, we found a number of hub genes and miRNAs which seem to have key regulatory functions during differentiation of MSCs. Our results also introduce a number of new regulatory genes and miRNAs which can be considered as the new candidates for genetic manipulation of MSCs in vitro.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129291_9de82fc1265b9f6ae75c88b0948c4613.pdf
2021-03-01
9
21
10.30498/IJB.2021.2565
differentiation
MSCs
miRNA
regulatory network
Topological Analysis
Atousa
Ataei
akatai@stud.kpfu.ru
1
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
AUTHOR
Mansour
Poorebrahim
mpoorebrahim@razi.tums.ac.ir
2
Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Azam
Rajabpour
arajabpour1979@yahoo.com
3
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
AUTHOR
Albert
Rizvanov
albert.rizvanov@kpfu.ru
4
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
AUTHOR
Seyed Shahriar
Arab
sh.arab@modares.ac.ir
5
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of Brown Algae (Sargassum angustifolium) Extract for Improvement of Drought Tolerance in Canola (Brassica napus L.)
Background: Abiotic environmental stresses, especially drought stress, is one of the most important problems in arid and semi-arid regions. Like other major crops, Brassica napus is vulnerable to drought stress. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate efficacy of Sargassum angustifolium extract on mitigating adverse effects of drought stress on B. napus seedlings during vegetative growth under greenhouse conditions. Materials and Methods: Seedlings were periodically sprayed with the seaweed extract until they reached 7-leaf stage. Then water deficit stress was imposed and measurements were performed at morphological, biochemical and molecular levels on three phases: 80% field capacity for 20 days (Phase I), 60% field capacity for 20 days (Phase II) and 40% field capacity for 20 days (Phase III). Real-Time PCR assay was carried out to monitor the changes in expression of the genes involved in proline biosynthesis. Results: Morphological measurements revealed that seaweed treatment improved shoot height and dry weight compared to control (p<0.05). Biochemical analyses indicated that foliar application of seaweed extract significantly enhanced the photosynthetic pigments’ content, free radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase activity (p<0.05). Moreover, proline content was significantly increased in plant tissues treated with seaweed extract (p<0.05). The results of Real-Time PCR assay showed that the increase in proline content is due to enhanced expression of P5CS which is involved in biosynthesis of proline, and to decreased expression of PRODH which catalyzes proline degradation. Conclusions: Overall, the results obtained in this research suggest that application of S. angustifolium extract as a biostimulant is able to protect canola seedlings against deteriorating effects of drought stress.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129284_3aaff623db78187aa2005a3aca7b120a.pdf
2021-03-01
22
29
10.30498/IJB.2021.2775
Drought stress
Proline
Sargassum angustifolium
seaweed extract
Amir Ghaffar
Shahriari
shahriari.ag@eghlid.ac.ir
1
Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Higher Education Center of Eghlid, Eghlid, Iran
AUTHOR
Afsaneh
Mohkami
amohkami@uk.ac.ir
2
Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Niazi
niazi@shirazu.ac.ir
3
Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamad Hamed
Ghodoum Parizipour
parizi@asnrukh.ac.ir
4
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Maziar
Habibi-Pirkoohi
maziar.habibi.p@gmail.com
5
Zist Pajoohan Baran Co, Afzalipour Incubator Center, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Endogenous Hormones, Total Antioxidant and Total Phenol Changes on Regeneration of Barley Cultivars
Background: Barley (Hordeum vulgar L.) is a valuable platform for producing recombinant proteins. Before using different barley cultivars as an efficient platform for molecular farming, optimization of cultural conditions and studying the effective factors on the tissue culture are critical. Objectives: In this study, we evaluated callus induction, plant regeneration and changes in the levels of total antioxidant, total phenol and endogenous hormones of three Iranian barley cultivars (Reyhan, Yousef and Bahman) and Golden Promise cultivar. Materials and Methods: We used immature embryos as explants on MS-based medium containing 3 mg.L-1 2,4-D for callus induction. Calluses were transferred to regeneration media with 2 mg.L-1 BAP. The levels of endogenous hormones were measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography system and total antioxidant and total phenols were determined using a spectrophotometer. Results: We demonstrated that callus formation was very high in all cultivars (about 91%) and all immature embryo explants had the potential to produce embryogenic calluses. The present study also showed that the regeneration rates among the studied cultivars were very different and the Iranian cultivars showed lower regeneration percentages (about 1.4%) compared to Golden Promise cultivar (about 72.5%). The levels of endogenous hormones in Iranian cultivars and Golden Promise varied distinctly and significant differences in terms of total antioxidants and total phenols were found in the two groups. Conclusions: Accumulated evidence suggests that for successful regeneration of recalcitrant cultivars, external treatments should be done in a way to reduce the inhibitory effects of internal factors.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129286_16b6075067dfcfce04c6e24fb93f45e0.pdf
2021-03-01
30
39
10.30498/IJB.2021.2838
antioxidants
Barley
Callus Induction
Endogenous hormones
Phenolic Compounds
Regeneration
Ali
Saeedpour
ali.saidpoor@uma.ac.ir
1
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
AUTHOR
Sodabeh
Jahanbakhsh Godehkahriz
jahanbakhsh@uma.ac.ir
2
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Tahmineh
Lohrasebi
lohrasebi@nigeb.ac.ir
3
Department of Plant Bioproducts, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Kasra
Esfahani
kasra13@nigeb.ac.ir
4
Department of Plant Bioproducts, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Hatef
Salmanian
salman@nigeb.ac.ir
5
Department of Plant Bioproducts, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Khadijeh
Razavi
razavi@nigeb.ac.ir
6
Department of Plant Bioproducts, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficient Immunization of BALB/c Mice against Pathogenic Brucella melitensis and B. ovis: Comparing Cell-Mediated and Protective Immune Responses Elicited by pCDNA3.1 and pVAX1 DNA Vaccines Coding for Omp31 of Brucella melitensis
Background: Brucella spp. are intracellular pathogens, therefore cell-mediated immunity is the main response to inhibit survival and growth of the bacteria in vertebrate host. Objective: Many eukaryotic plasmid vectors are being used in setting up DNA vaccines which may show different efficiencies in same conditions. This is important in designing the vaccines and immunization strategies. We looked into the probable differences of immune responses induced by different eukaryotic DNA plasmid vectors (pcDNA3.1 and pVAX1) harboring the same Omp31 gene of B. melitensis. Materials and Methods: Female BALB/c mice were immunized with pcDNA-omp31 and pVAX-omp31 and further boosted with recombinant Omp31. Subclasses of specific serum IgG against the rOmp31 were measured by ELISA. Cytokines responses to rOmp31 in Splenocyte cultures of the immunized mice were evaluated by measuring the production of IL4, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ. Protective responses of the immunized mice were evaluated by intraperitoneal challenge with pathogenic Brucella melitensis 16M and Brucella ovis PA76250. Results: Both DNA vaccine candidates conferred potent Th1-type responses with higher levels of cytokines and immunoglobulins observed in mice immunized with pVAX-omp31. Although pcDNA-omp31 and pVAX-omp31 both elicited protective immunity, mice immunized with the latter showed a higher protection against both B. melitensis and B. ovis PA76250. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the significant differences between efficiency of diverse plasmid backbones in DNA vaccines which code for an identical antigen. Comparing various plasmid vectors should be considered as an essential part of the studies aiming construction of DNA vaccines for intracellular pathogens.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129283_9add19bb0b3bab101761cd75f756dc4c.pdf
2021-03-01
40
47
10.30498/IJB.2021.2618
Brucella
DNA vaccine
Omp31
pCDNA3.1
pVAX1
Naser
Harzandi
naser.harzandi@kiau.ac.ir
1
Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Haniyeh
Aghababa
aghababa@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nima
Khoramabadi
nima.khoramabadi@gmail.com
3
Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Termeh
Tabaraie
termeh.tabaraie@yahoo.com
4
Department of Cardiology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Alendronate Sodium Intercalation in Layered Double Hydroxide/Poly (ε-caprolactone): Application in Osteoporosis Treatment
Background: Osteoporosis is a bone disease alters the amount and variety of proteins in bone tissue and increases the potential of bone fracture. Antiresorptive therapy is one of the most popular treatment methods for osteoporosis. To reduce side effects and enhance the bioavailability of drug agents, the controlled delivery of drug is commonly utilized. Objectives: We investigated the controlled release of Alendronate in different composites of layered double hydroxide (LDH) using poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) as a matrix. Materials and Methods: We prepared different microsphere composites of ALD intercalated in various amounts of LDH, using PCL as a matrix. The controlled release of ALD from these composites is subsequently investigated. Samples are characterized and in vitro cell cytotoxicity, attachment, osteogenic activity including alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization are examined using MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells. Results: The results showed that the release of ALD is more desirable and controlled in the samples having a higher amount of LDH incorporated into the PCL matrix. MG63 cells show a significant increase in viability, attachment, and mineralization while alkaline phosphatase activity remains almost at a constant level after 3 weeks. Conclusions: Overall, the findings showed that by incorporation of 15 wt% of LDH, the composite microsphere is capable of holding the antiresorptive drug longer and release it in a more controlled manner. This is an advantageous and promising characteristic for a carrier that could be used as a potential candidate for osteoporosis treatment.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129280_d99e69ac6175a341d1c9947d5b23ddf5.pdf
2021-03-01
48
59
10.30498/IJB.2021.2490
alendronate
Layered double hydroxide
Osteoporosis
Poly (ε-caprolactone)
Faranak
Baniahmad
f.baniahmad@gmail.com
1
Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Soroor
Yousefi
soroor.yousefi82@gmail.com
2
Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Rabiee
mrabiee@aut.ac.ir
3
Biomaterials Center of Excellence, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyedeh Sara
Shafiei
shafiei@nigeb.ac.ir
4
Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahab
Faghihi
sfaghihi@nigeb.ac.ir
5
Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Expressing of Recombinant VEGFR2-specific Nanobody in Baculovirus Expression System
Background: Baculovirus expression system, introduced more than 20 years ago, is considered as a useful tool for large and complex eukaryotic recombinant protein production. A baculovirus expression vector is a recombinant virus which desired foreign protein coding sequences is under control of the virus gene promoter. Baculovirus only infects insect cells and do not normally infect vertebrates therefore, they possess no risk of biological risks for human. Objectives: The aim of this study was to recombinant expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) reseptor-2 specific Nanobody in the baculovirus expression system. Materials and Methods: Gene of specific Nanobody against the VEGF reseptor-2 that called 3VGR19 was cloned and expressed in baculovirus system. Results: 3VGR19 Nanobody gene was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using the specific primers, and was cloned in pFastBac HTA plasmid. DH10Bac bacteria was transformed with resulted donor plasmid. The cultured Sf9 insect cell line was transfected with recombinant bacmid, and finally, the expression and purification of 3VGR19 was confirmed in insect cells. Conclusions: In conclusion, Transient infection of insect cells with baculovirus can be a promising technology for expression of antibody fragments.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129285_d10021371e2aa09e7107660981d74709.pdf
2021-03-01
60
66
10.30498/IJB.2021.2783
Angiogenesis
Baculovirus Expression System
Nanobody
SF9 insect cell
Narjes
Shokrollahi
narjesshokrollahi@yahoo.com
1
Biotechnology Research Center, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Habibi Anbouhi
habibi.mha@gmail.com
2
National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Jahanian-Najafabadi
jahanian@pharm.mui.ac.ir
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ehsan
AliRahimi
ehsan.ali70@gmail.com
4
Biotechnology Research Center, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Behdani
behdani73042@yahoo.com
5
Biotechnology Research Center, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Reconstruction of Intercellular Signaling Network by Cytokine-Receptor Interactions
Background: The immune system function depends on the coordination activity of the components of system and communications between them which leads to the formation of a complex communication network between immune cells. In this network, cytokines have an important role in the communication between immune cells through the interaction to their specific receptors. These molecules cause to cellular communications and normal function of a tissue. Reconstruction of such a complex network can be a way to provide a better understanding of cytokines’ function. Objective: Our main goal from reconstructing such a network was investigation of expressed cytokines and cytokines receptors in various lineage and tissues of immune cells and identifying the lineage and tissue with the highest expression of cytokines and their receptors Materials and Methods: In this study, gene expression data related to part of the Immunological Genome Project (ImmGen) and receptor-ligand interactions dataset were used to reconstruct the immune network in mouse. In next step, the topological properties of reconstructed network, expression specificity of cytokines and their receptors and interactions specificity were analyzed. Results: The results of the network analysis were indicated that non- hematopoietic stromal cells have the highest expression of cytokines and cytokine receptors and interactions specificity is very high. Our results show that chemokine receptor of Ccr1 receives the largest number of signals between receptors and only expressed in three hematopoietic lineages. Conclusions: The most of the network communications belonged to non-hematopoietic stromal and macrophage cells. The relationships between stromal cells and macrophages are necessary to create an appropriate environment for differentiation of immune cells. Studying the cellular expression specificity of receptor and ligand genes reveal the high degree of specificity of these genes that indicate non-random transfer of information between cells in multicellular organisms.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_111375_0bef38ae4cce03d08cc8783ed22d3d95.pdf
2021-03-01
67
73
10.30498/IJB.2021.2560
Cytokines
Intercellular signaling
immune system
Network reconstruction
Somayeh
Azadian
somayeh.azadian@gmail.com
1
Department of Biophysics, Bioinformatics and Computational Omics Lab (BioCOOL), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Zahiri
zahiri@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Biophysics, Bioinformatics and Computational Omics Lab (BioCOOL), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyed Shahriar
Arab
sh.arab@modares.ac.ir
3
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Hassan Sajedi
sajedi_r@modares.ac.ir
4
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Co-expression Network Analysis Reveals Key Genes Related to Ankylosing spondylitis Arthritis Disease: Computational and Experimental Validation
Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis which can cause inflammation in the vertebrae and joints between the spine and pelvis. However, our understanding of the exact genetic mechanisms of AS is still far from being clear. Objective: To study and find the mechanisms and possible biomarkers related to AS by surveying inter-gene correlations of networks. Materials and Methods: A weighted gene co-expression network was constructed among genes identified by microarray analysis, gene co-expression network analysis, and network clustering. Then receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted to identify a significant module with the genes implicated in the AS pathogenesis. Real-time PCR was performed to validate the results of microarray analysis. Results: In the significant module obtained from the network analysis there were eight AS related genes (LSM3, MRPS11, NSMCE2, PSMA4, UBL5, RPL17, MRPL22 and RPS17) which have been reported in previous studies as hub genes. Further, in this module, eight significant enriched pathways were found with adjusted p-values < 0.001 consisting of oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's diseases, spliceosome, and cardiac muscle contraction pathways which have been linked to AS. Furthermore, we identified nine AS related genes (UQCRB, UQCRH, UQCRHL, UQCRQ, COX7B, COX5B, COX6C, COX6A1 and COX7C) in these pathways which can play essential roles in controlling mitochondrial activity and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Real-time PCR results showed that three genes including UQCRH, MRPS11, and NSMCE2 in AS patients were significantly differentially expressed compared with normal controls. Conclusions: The results of the present study may contribute to understanding of AS molecular pathogenesis, thereby aiding the early prognosis, diagnosis, and effective therapies of the disease.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129279_3a2f64a8c5bfd131349834e1ff2d6f77.pdf
2021-03-01
74
85
10.30498/IJB.2021.2630
ankylosing spondylitis
autoimmune
Gene co-expression network
Microarray
Real-Time PCR
Leila
Najafzadeh
leila_najafzadeh@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biology, College of Science, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Mahmoudi
mahmoudim@tums.ac.ir
2
Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mostafa
Ebadi
mtf.ebadi@gmail.com
3
Department of Biology, College of Science, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
AUTHOR
Marzieh
Dehghan Shasaltaneh
m_deghan1361@ut.ac.ir
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Masoudinejad
amasoudin@ut.ac.ir
5
Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Ira
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Green Synthesis of Highly Dispersed Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Supported on Silica Gel Matrix by Daphne oleoides Extract and their Antibacterial Activity
Background: ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles, which exhibit significant antibacterial properties against various pathogens. Among nanoparticle synthesis methods, the green synthesis using plant extract is considered as an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for ZnO-NPs production, compared to the chemical procedures Background: This study aimed to evaluate the green synthesis of ZnO-NPs loaded on silica gel matrix (ZnO/SG nanocomposite) by using methanol leaf extract of Daphne oleoides as a new extract and a cost-effective method. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized structure is evaluated against some pathogenic bacteria and the results are compared with unsupported ZnO-NPs. Materials and Methods: For ZnO/SG nanocomposite synthesis, a solution of Zn (NO3 )2 was stirred with silica gel. Then the Daphne oleoides extract was added and stirred continuously until white precipitate was formed. The precipitate was heated at 200 ˚C for calcination, and ZnO/SG nanocomposite was obtained. The phytochemical constituents of leaf extract were then analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Afterwards, the structure of ZnO-NPs on SiO2 matrix (ZnO/ SG nanocomposite) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface area measurement was also determined by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of ZnO/SG nanocomposites against pathogenic bacteria was evaluated using agar-based disk diffusion method standardized by clinical and laboratory guidelines. Results: The leaf extract of Daphne oleoides encompassed five major polyphenolic components. The results of the nanocomposite structure showed that ZnO-NPs with an average particle size of 38 nm were obtained and stabilized on the silica gel matrix. The BET surface area measurement of ZnO/SG nanocomposite was compared with unsupported ZnO-NPs, and the results indicated that the surface area of ZnO/SG nanocomposite was increased. Furthermore, the structure showed more powerful antibacterial activity against pathogens than unsupported ZnO-NPs. Conclusions: Green synthesis of ZnO-NPs supported on the silica gel matrix with the leaf extract of Daphne oleoides is a benign and effective procedure for ZnO/SG nanocomposite synthesis. Embedding ZnO-NPs in silica gel matrix prevents the agglomeration of nanoparticles and prepare homodispersed nanoparticles. This structure revealed great antibacterial activity against many pathogens.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129282_545a9323c37ba68dc92d11c0d747dde7.pdf
2021-03-01
86
95
10.30498/IJB.2021.2598
Antibacterial Activity
Daphne oleoides Extract
Green chemistry
ZnO nanoparticles
Silica gel
Laleh
Safavinia
lalehsafavinia@gmail.com
1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Akhgar
akhgar@iauk.ac.ir
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Batool
Tahamipour
tahamipour@yahoo.com
3
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Sayed Ali
Ahmadi
ahmadi.iauk@gmail.com
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lipid Production Capacity of a Newly Characterized Cyanobacterial Strain Synechocystis sp. MH01: A Comparative Performance Evaluation of Cyanobacterial Lipid-Based Biodiesel
Background: Cyanobacteria have been the focus of extensive researches because of their high potential for the development of new generations of useful natural compounds with vast applications. For the entire last ten years, a lot of attention has been dedicated to the cyanobacterial lipids as a main source of valuable materials for clean energy production. Objectives: As there is a direct relationship between biofuel properties and compositional characteristics of fatty acids, a selected lipid-producing cyanobacterial strain was examined and analyzed in terms of fatty acid composition. The biodiesel quality parameters were carefully examined as well. Materials and Methods: A cyanobacterial strain was isolated from waterfalls in the northern part of Iran and identified as Synechocystis sp. MH01. The fatty acids profile of the selected strain, as tested in various culture conditions, was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and compared with control subjects to further validating the biodiesel quality parameters. Results: The autotrophic cultivation of Synechocystis sp. MH01 resulted in biomass and lipid productivity of 109 mg.L-1 day-1 and 22.89 mg.L-1day-1, respectively. The mixotrophic cultivation of MH01 strain in sucrose-containing medium led to an approximately 1.8 and 1.22 fold increase in biomass and lipid productivity compared with the autotrophic condition. The addition of glycine to BG11 medium caused up to ~1.3 and ~1.18 fold increase in biomass and lipid productivity compared with control subjects. The analysis of qualitative parameters of the biodiesel, as derived from the lipids, indicated that Synechocystis sp. MH01 has a high ability for lipid production under optimal culture conditions. Conclusions: It seems feasible to evolve the Synechocystis sp. MH01 further particularly for more lipid production as a promising primary raw material for biofuel production through fine-tuning of medium composition.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129278_37ab878c233f965e7bf8b81799b0262c.pdf
2021-03-01
96
105
10.30498/IJB.2021.2313
Biodiesel
Biodiesel parameters
Gas Chromatography
Lipid
MH01
Synechocystis sp
Hakimeh
Sharafi
sharafi.hakimeh@gmail.com
1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Vanak Village Street, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Jamshid
Fooladi
jfooladi@alzahra.ac.ir
2
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Vanak Village Street, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Meisam
Tabatabaei
meisam_tabatabaei@abrii.ac.ir
3
Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Microbial Biotechnology and Biosafety Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Momhed Heravi
mmh1331@yahoo.com
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak Village Street, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Memari
memari@synhitech.ca
5
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Faculty of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification of Salt Stress-Responsive Proteins in Maize (Zea may) Seedlings Using iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Technique
Background: Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that limits plant growth and yield worldwide. Objective: To better understand the mechanism of salt stress adaptation in maize (Zea may), proteomic analysis of maize responses to salt stress were analyzed in seedling. Materials and Methods: Taking maize seedlings untreated and treated with NaCl for 24 h as material, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) were used to analyze the protein expression profile of maize seedlings after salt stress. Results: The result showed that 270 differentially expression proteins (DEPs) were identified in maize seedlings after salt stress.The majority proteins had functions related to translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis (15%), posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones (14%) and others metabolism. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the EF-Tu, peroxiredoxin, FoF1-type ATP synthase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase genes were up-regulated in the adaptation of maize to salt stress. Conclusions: The coped with salt stress of maize seedlings might be included nitrogen and glutamate (Glu) metabolism and energy homeostasis, nucleotide transport and metabolism, soluble sugar, fatty acid and nucleoside triphosphates synthesis. Moreover, the enhancement of plant to scavenge ROS, such as peroxiredoxin, might play significant roles in the adaptation of maize to salt stress.Taken together, these proteins might have important roles in defense mechanisms against salt stress in maize.We hope that this study provides valuable information for the further utilization and study on the molecular mechanisms of defense mechanisms in maize.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129281_1bf72cde8268f3a1d63e10b16674978d.pdf
2021-03-01
106
120
10.30498/IJB.2021.2512
iTRAQ
Maize seedlings
Proteomic analysis
Quantitative Real-Time PCR
salt stress
Weng
Qiaoyun
nkxwqy@163.com
1
College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
AUTHOR
yanmin
zhao
zym319@163.com
2
Zhangjiakou radio &TV University, Zhangjiakou 075000,China
AUTHOR
Yanan
Zhao
741094244@qq.com
3
College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
AUTHOR
xiaoqing
song
502251380@qq.com
4
College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
AUTHOR
Jincheng
Yuan
nkxyjc@163.com
5
College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
AUTHOR
Yinghui
Liu
liuyinhui@hebeinu.edu.cn
6
College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Purification and Characterization of a Novel Fibrinolytic Enzyme from Cipangopaludina Cahayensis
Background: Cipangopaludina cahayensis contains active fibrinolytic proteins and has been considered a potential anti-cancer agent. However, its anti-cancer characteristics and functions have yet to be elucidated. Objectives: To study the fibrinolytic activity and anticancer activity of crude protein extracts from Cipangopaludina cahayensis. Materials and Methods: Crude proteases were separated and extracted from the Cipangopaludina cahayensis through homogenization, desalting, ammonium sulfate fractionation, dialysis, and ion exchange chromatography. The fibrinolytic activity of extracted proteins was assessed using the fiber plate method. Total protein concentrations of the crude proteases were determined via BCA assay. Molecular weights (MWs) were determined through SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Results: The crude extract had a MW of ~ 50 kDa, and the highest protein concentration was 3.026 mg.mL-1. The optimum pH for fibrinolytic activity was 7.0. Cell culture assays demonstrated that the addition of the crude enzyme extracts to the human ovary cancer cell line Ovcar-3 resulted in significant growth defects. Conclusions: Our data showed that crude proteins purified from Cipangopaludina cahayensis are novel fibrinolytic proteases and have potential anti-cancer properties
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129290_a720c072bcb92cbe4735b404c0cfcdef.pdf
2021-03-01
121
127
10.30498/IJB.2021.2805
Cipangopaludina cahayensis
Fibrinolytic activity
isolation
Purification
tumor suppression
tian
zhao
643259846@qq.com
1
School of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
AUTHOR
Jinqi
Xiong
2
School of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
AUTHOR
Wen
Chen
3
School of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
AUTHOR
Ahui
Xu
4
School of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
AUTHOR
Du
Zhu
5
School of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
AUTHOR
jiantao
liu
liujtcn@163.com
6
School of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Acetate Kinase a Antisense Delivery by PAMAM Dendrimer for Decreasing Acetate Production and Increasing the Production of Recombinant Albumin in E. coli
Background: Acetate accumulation in the culture medium is known as an inhibitor in recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli. Various approaches have been proposed and evaluated to overcome this challenge and reduce the concentration of acetate. In this study, we examined the effect of acetate kinase A antisense on acetate production rate in E. coli We also used PAMAM dendrimers as a suitable delivery agent for antisense transformation into E. coli host cell. Objective: This study aimed to decrease acetate production as a by-product using an antisense-dendrimer complex to increase mass cell and subsequently recombinant Albumin production in E. coli. Materials and Methods: Here, to study the effect of this treatment on recombinant protein production, we used pET22b/ HAS construct. The ackA gene expression was inhibited by designed antisense to reduce acetate concentration in culture medium. AckA antisense was transferred to E. coli by PAMAM dendrimer. Finally, ackA expression and recombinant Albumin production were evaluated Real-Time PCR and densitometry, respectively. Results: Our data showed, designed antisense lead to reduction of acetate kinase gene expression and subsequently acetate concentration in the culture medium. Finally, acetate concentration reduction and cell mass increase result in enhanced recombinant Alb production in the treated group (1.25 mg.mL-1) compare to the control group ( 0.59 mg.mL-1). Conclusions: Reduction of acetate in E. coli fermentation process decreased the recombinant Alb production following cell growth and cell mass increase. In the current study, we showed that an antisense can be a useful tool for ackA gene expression reduction. Also, we noted that PAMAM dendrimer could be a proper delivery agent for oligonucleotide antisense transformation into bacterial cells.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_129277_ccd17d923d9905e111bbffdf4c75f17c.pdf
2021-03-01
128
135
10.30498/IJB.2021.2617
Acetate
Acetate kinase A
antisense
PAMAM dendrimer
Recombinant Albumin
Shahrzad
Ahangarzadeh
shahrzadahangar@yahoo.com
1
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamidreza
Moghimi
hmoghimi364@gmail.com
2
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojgan
Bandehpour
m.bandepour@yahoo.com
3
Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Javad
Ranjbari
ranjbarijavad@sbmu.ac.ir
4
Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR