eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
78
93
6944
Pneumoviruses: Molecular Genetics and Reverse Genetics
Gholamreza Ahmadian
ahmadian@nigeb.ac.ir
1
Mehdi Shamsara
mehdishamsara@yahoo.com
2
Andrew J. Easton
3
Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, P.O. Box: 14115-111,Tehran, I.R. Iran.
Pneumoviruses are responsible for significant respiratory disease in their hosts and represent a major problemfor human and animal health. Pneumoviruses are members of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamilyPneumovirinae and the virus particles consist of a negative-sense, nonsegmented RNA genome within a helical nucleocapsid structure enveloped in a lipid membrane derived from the host cell. Over the past fourdecades much work has extended our understanding of the molecular biology and pathogenesis of pneumoviruses but despite this only limited treatments and prophylaxis are available. The human pathogen, respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) which belongs to the genus of Pneumovirus is the best characterized of thesubfamily. HRSV is the major cause of hospitalisation of very young children with respiratory disease worldwide. No vaccine is available though new treatments offer some respite for children in the highest riskgroups, the immunocompromised and children with congenital heart disease. The recently discoveredhuman pathogen human metapneumovirus (hMPV) belongs to the genus Metapneumovirus and recentdata indicates that this virus is second only to hRSV in terms of disease impact. The pneumoviruses alsoinclude agents of veterinary importance such as bovine respiratory syncytial virus (bRSV), ovine andcaprine RSV, and pneumonia virus of mice (PVM: all in the genus Pneumovirus) and avian metapneumovirus(APV: genus Metapneumovirus). The development of reverse genetics systems for negative strand RNAviruses has opened the possibility of manipulating the virus genomes to identify genes involved in pathogenesis and to explore the biological consequences of specific mutations. This information is informing the rational design of new vaccines. These plasmid-based systems have shown that for all paramyxoviruses the N, P and L proteins are necessary and sufficient for RNA replication. However, the pneumoviruses differfrom the other family members in that fully efficient transcription from the virus genome requires the presenceof an additional protein encoded by the M2 gene. The present article reviews pneumovirus biology andmolecular genetics including a discussion of current concepts of Pneumovirus reverse genetics.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6944_786686d44e2c0135b7c4ed989a7c4e9c.pdf
Paramyxoviridae
Pneumovirus
Reverse Genetics
Replication
Vaccine
eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
94
98
6959
Specific Inhibition of the Expression of the Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) Protein by Anti-Sense Oligonucleotides
Sadeq Vallian
svallian@biol.ui.ac.ir
1
Kun-Sang Chang
2
Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Isfahan University, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
Department of Laboratory Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
In the present study, using anti-sense oligonucleotides the inhibition of expression of the PML protein hasbeen investigated. The anti-sense oligonucleotides were designed against the translation initiation site ofthe PML gene, and their effects were investigated on cellular growth and DNA synthesis. Incubation of normalhuman fibroblast cells with the anti-sense oligonucleotides resulted in the complete inhibition of the PMLprotein expression. Inhibition of the PML protein expression by anti-sense oligonucleotides was foundto be associated with an increase in cellular growth and doubling time. Furthermore, in cells treated withthe anti-sense oligonucleotides, but not sense or scrambled oligonucleotides (control), the cellular DNAsynthesis also showed a marked increase, confirming the induction of cellular growth upon inhibition of PMLsynthesis. These findings clearly demonstrated that the inhibition of the expression of the PML protein could be achieved using the anti-sense oligonucleotides, providing a model for better investigation of the biologic role of PML in the cell.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6959_f4e1b5843a1d251d0b434225523b3776.pdf
Promyelocytic Leukemia
PML
Antisense oligonucleotides
Protein expression
eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
99
103
6964
Molecular Typing of Avian Pasteurella multocida lsolatesby PCR-RFLPof ompH Gene
Ahmad Reza Jabbari
1
Majid Esmaelizadeh
2
Department of Aerobic Veterinary Bacterial Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Hesarak, Karaj, I.R. Iran
Department of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Hesarak, Karaj, I.R. Iran.
Molecular typing of twenty-five Pasteurella multocida isolates has been assessed by restriction fragmentlength polymorphism (RFLP) of a species-specific PCR assay. Amplification was based on the gene ompH, encoding a major outer memberane protein. RFLP analysis of the 1.2 kb ompH-amplification usingEcoRI, HindIII and CfoI endonucleases produced 7 different patterns for the twenty five isolates of the fourP.multocida serotypes. The PCR-RFLP of the ompH gene was found to be potentially a useful method fortyping of P. multocida and therefore, for studying the epidemiology of P. multocida infections.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6964_ac6dc1beb7cd8200f3010e50680c76b1.pdf
Pasteurella multocida
RFLP-PCR Typing
Protein H
eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
104
108
6943
The Allele and Genotype Frequencies of Bovine Pituitaryspecific Transcription Factor and Leptin Genes in IranianCattle and Buffalo Populations Using PCR-RFLP
Arash Javanmard
arash_707@yahoo.com
1
Nader Asadzadeh
2
Mohammad Hossein Banabazi
hossein.banabazi@gmail.com
3
Javad Tavakolian
4
Department of Genomics, West and North-West Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute(ABRII-T), Tabriz, I.R. Iran.
Department of Animal Production and Management, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Karaj, I.R. Iran.
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Karaj, I.R. Iran.
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Karaj, I.R. Iran.
The use of polymorphic markers in breeding programmes could make selection more accurate and efficient. A total of 324 individuals from six Iranian cattle populations (Sarabi, Golpayegani, Sistani, Taleshi, Mazandarani, Dashtiyari), F1 Golpayegani × Brown Swiss and Iranian buffalo populations were genotypedfor the Pit-1 HinfI and leptin Sau3AI polymorphisms by the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragmentlength polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The genotype and gene frequencies for each breed were determined andshown to be quite variable among the breeds. The highest frequencies of allele B for the leptin gene andallele A for the Pit-1 gene were found in Dashtiyari and Sistani cattle, respectively. According to our results,the highest AB genotype frequencies were found in the Taleshi and F1 Golpayegani x Brown Swiss cross forthe leptin and Pit-1 genes, respectively. These allele frequencies were comparable to previously publisheddata on exotic breeds. The highest and lowest heterozygosities were found in Taleshi and Dashtiyari cattlefor the leptin gene and in F1 Golpayegani x Brown Swiss cross and Sistani cattle for the Pit-1 gene, respectively. These values indicated the presence of low variation for these genes in the studied populations.The possible association between molecular polymorphisms within these candidate genes and economictraits for the studied populations should be further investigated.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6943_10d06165d9d69e766305ae15cbcd593a.pdf
Pit-1
leptin
Iranian cattle
buffalo
PCRRFLP
Polymorphism
eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
109
113
6965
Transient expression of human growth hormone in potato (Solanum tuberosum), tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) leaves by agroinfiltration
Haleh Hashemi Sohi
1
Esmat Jourabchi
2
Mahvash Khodabandeh
saba@nigep.ac.ir
3
Department of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
Department of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
Department of Bioprocess Engineering, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
Using agro-infiltration technique, we have transiently expressed human Growth Hormone (hGH) in tobacco(Nicotiana tobacum), potato (Solanum tuberosum) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) leaves. Out of three differentinoculation times used for infiltration in our study, it was seen that highest level of hGH expression wasachieved when leaves were infiltrated for 35 min. The presence of biologically active hGH was detected inleaf extract by western blotting and ELISA. The highest expression was measured in tobacco was found tobe1.5-3 hGH mg/kg leaves.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6965_19c083330a245a15813be5fc5840dcbd.pdf
Transient expression
Molecular Farming
Agro-infiltration
Biopharmaceuticals
eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
114
120
6963
Growth improvements of Sunflower seedlings by Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria
Muhammad Faisal
mohdfaysal@yahoo.com
1
Shahida Hasnain
vc@wum.edu.pk
2
Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore-54590, Pakistan.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore-54590, Pakistan.
In the present study, three chromium resistant bacterial strains (CrT-1, CrT-2, CrT-3) which could resist veryhigh concentration of K2CrO4 (up to 40 mg ml-1 on nutrient agar plates and 10 mg ml-1 in acetate-minimalmedium) were used to inoculate the sunflower seeds both as control and under chromium stress. Cr(VI)caused severe reduction in different growth parameters (seedling length, fresh weight, dry weight g-1 freshweight) as compared to control, while bacterial inoculations improved different growth parameters both ascontrol and under chromate stress when compared with non-inoculated respective controls. With respectto biochemical parameters, acid phosphatase and auxin content showed marked increment with bacterialinoculation both in chromium stress and unstressed condition. Uptake of chromium in inoculated plantsdecreased significantly as compared to non-inoculated control. Cr (VI) application also severely damages different plant cells/tissues but bacterial inoculation not only improves the growth and yields parameters butalso prevent cell damages caused by the Cr (VI) salt.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6963_4c32bbaeb338e4568da96f9095503812.pdf
Cr(VI)
Ochrobactrum intermedium
Helianthus annuus
PGPR
eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
121
124
6945
Transfection of 6-23 a rat thyroid carcinoma cell line, with the Neuropeptide Y cDNA
Mehdi Mahmoodi
mahmoodies@yahoo.com
1
Hamid Reza Rashidinejad
2
Gholamreza Asadi Karam
3
Mohammad Khaksari
4
Ebrahim Mirzajani
e_mirzajani@yahoo.com
5
Stephen Robert Bloom
6
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysic, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.
Department Internal Medicine, faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysic, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman, I.R. Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rasht, I.R. Iran.
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, England.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino acid peptide found throughout the central and peripheral nervoussystem of rat and human. NPY has been proposed to play an important role in satiety. The aim of this studywas to produce cell lines that secrete high levels of bioactive NPY. For this purpose, the complementaryDNA (cDNA) that encodes NPY was isolated by PCR. The cDNA was then cloned into pCEP4, to formpCEP4NPY. 6-23 cells were transfected with pCEP4NPY by electroporation. Transfected cells were selected by the addition of hygromycin B to the culture medium. Resistant colonies were picked and transferred to 96-well plates. The medium was tested for IRNPY using a specific NPY radioimmunoassay (RIA). The IR-NPY secreted by the cells was characterized by sephadex G50 chromatography and reversed phase fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). It was found to co-elute with the synthetic standard in both cases. RNA was extracted from the cells and subjected to Northern blot analysis using labeled NPY cDNA as a probe. The cells were found to express high levels of NPY at mRNA levels.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6945_dc66ef03fd8577f8377794647a116b3e.pdf
NPY
cDNA
Transfection
Cell line
eng
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
1728-3043
2322-2921
2005-04-01
3
2
125
128
6948
Investigation of two recessive disorders in breeder bulls of Abbas Abad animal breeding center
Mohammad Reza Nassiry
1
Amir Norouzy
a_norouzy@nigeb.ac.ir
2
Fereidoun Eftekhari Shahroudi
3
Ali Javadmanesh
4
Mohammad Ali Shad
5
Animal Science Department, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1163 Mashhad, I.R. Iran.
Animal Science Department, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1163 Mashhad, I.R. Iran.
Animal Science Department, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1163 Mashhad, I.R. Iran.
Animal Science Department, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1163 Mashhad, I.R. Iran.
Center of Animal Breeding in North-Eastern of Iran, Jahad-Keshavarzi Khorasan, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
To prevent distribution of recessive alleles in dairy herds all bulls used for AI (Artificial Insemination) haveto be tested. In this study 26 blood and 4 semen samples were supplied from Iranian Holstein bulls used forAI. Genomic DNA was extracted from 100 μl of blood and 200 μl of semen. Samples were tested by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. PCR reaction was performed for amplification of polymorphic region of the CD18 gene on chromosome 1 and exon 5 of ASS gene on chromosome 11. We detected one Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (BLAD) carrier and no carrier for bovine Citrolliemia in this study. Hardy-Weinberg test confirmed the equilibrium of BLAD locus in this population.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6948_4a4dd5c487a083e34bea1d68807d018e.pdf
BLAD
CD18
Citrullinemia
Argininosuccinate Synthetase
Holstein
PCR-RFLP