Molecular Basis of Differential Gene Expression in Themouse Preimplantation Embryo
HesamDehghani
Dehghani
Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-
1973, Mashhad, I.R. Iran and Embryonic and Stem Cell Biology
author
text
article
2007
eng
Preimplantation development of the mammalian embryo consists of stages that include formation of the zygote, blastocyst formation and implantation of the embryo into the uterus. Depending on the animal, first few cleavages of the early embryo is fully supported by translation of maternal transcripts and use of maternal proteins. After this period, the preimplantation embryo starts to transcribe from its own genome and produce products, which are necessary for further development. Eventually, differential gene expression results in production of three cell types in the preimplantation embryo; an outer transporting polarized epithelium (trophoblast) and two cell types of primitive endoderm (hypoblast), and epiblast in the inner cell mass. After implantation, the trophoblast and hypoblast give rise to extra-embryonic tissues and epiblast cells form primarily the embryo proper. Expression of maternal and embryonic transcripts and proteins, and differential expression of these products that lead to differentiation of embryonic cells are all highly coordinated events, which need to be temporally and spatially regulated during this period of development. In this review article mechanisms and paradigms that may define and regulate these cellular activities leading to the first cellular differentiation of life are presented. Considering the abundance of research data on the preimplantation development of rodents, in this review we will mainly focus on the mouse model.
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
67
78
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7024_b492152e20a162a9e284e760fb8f201f.pdf
Repair of Old Myocardial Infarction by Intracoronary Transplantation of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Pilot Clinical Trial
Amir Farhang
Zand Parsa
Department of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Medical Center, Keshavarz Blvd. P.O. Box 14197-33141, Tehran,
I.R. Iran
author
Mandana
Mohyeddin Bonab
Shariati Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Research Center,
P.O. Box 14114 Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
Kamran
Alimoghaddam
Shariati Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Research Center,
P.O. Box 14114 Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
text
article
2007
eng
Experimental and clinical studies have shown that intracoronary transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has resulted in regenerated infarcted myocardium and improved left ventricular (LV) function. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the benefical effects of intracoronary transplantation of BMSC in patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI). Autologous BMSCs were transplanted by the intracoronary method via percutaneous transluminal coronary balloon angioplasty (PTCA) in five patients with old myocardial infarction. Time from myocardial infarction (MI) to cell therapy was 5.2 ± 3.11 months (mean ± SD). All patients were <70 years old (32-61 years) and had significant LV dysfunction (LV ejection fraction, mean ± SD, 34% ± 10.83%), and severe wall motion abnormality (akinesia and / dyskinesia) at the location of infarcted area. Follow up angiography was performed 6-9 months (mean ± SD,7 ± 1.4 months) after BMSC transplantation, which revealed an increased trend in the LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of patients after treatment (LVEF: Mean ± SD from 34% ± 10.83% to 46.25% ± 9.46%, P= 0.051 and median from 35% to 42.5%). Clinical follow up (for 12-18 months) also revealed appreciable improvement in their symptoms or functional class [dyspnea from New York Heart Association(NYHA)-Class Ш-IV to I–II and Chest discomfort from Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Class II-IV to I-II]. Intracoronary transplantation of autologous BMSC in patients with old myocardial infarction appears to be feasible, safe and effective .The therapeutic effect could be attributed to BMSCs ability to regenerate myocardium
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
79
86
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7023_af6389efeeef9748b120c12bb20e1ca8.pdf
Modeling of Single Cell Protein Production from Cheese Whey Using Tanks-in-Series Model
Marjan
Varedi Kolaei
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 1198-16765, Tehran,
I.R. Iran
author
Ramin
Karimzadeh
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University,
P.O. Box 14155-4843, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
Seyed Abbas
Shojaosadati
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University,
P.O. Box 14155-4843, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
Jafar
Towfighi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University,
P.O. Box 14155-4843, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
text
article
2007
eng
In this work, mathematical modeling of microbial (Trichosporon sp.) biomass production in a stirred tank bioreactor and in an external airlift bioreactor has been investigated. A model based on a tanks-in-series model without back-flow has been used to simulate the production of single cell protein in the external airlift bioreactor under an unsteady condition and without oxygen limitation, utilizing cheese whey as a substrate. The kinetic parameters of cell growth and substrate consumption including µm(maximum specific growth), K s(growth associated parameter), γ(saturated constant) and λ(non growth associated parameter) were determined based on experimental data derived from the batch process in the stirred tank reactor and the kinetic model, which resulted in 0.59 h-1, 46.84 g/l, 0.383 and 1.275, respectively. Estimated biokinetic parameters were applied to find the profiles of biomass and lactose in the airlift bioreactor. MATLAB software was used to find kinetic parameters and solve the equations of the tanks-in-series model. The number of stages of the tanks-in-series obtained equals 16.
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
87
92
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7026_b5edc443386fb57da0ef8cf033bd38b6.pdf
Helix Segment Assignment in Proteins Using Fuzzy Logic
Shahriar
Arab
Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-
1384, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
Farzad
Didehvar
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM), Niavaran Square,
P.O. Box 19395-5746, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
Changiz
Eslahchi
Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin,
Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
Mehdi
Sadeghi
Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology,
P.O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
text
article
2007
eng
The automatic assignment of protein secondary structure from three dimensional coordinates is an essential step in the characterization of protein structure. Although, the recognition of secondary structures such as alpha-helices and beta-sheets seem straightforward, but there are many different definitions, each regarding different criteria. We have developed a new algorithm for protein helix assignment, by using fuzzy logic based on backbone torsion angles. In this method, each residue takes a number from 0 to 100 that indicates the helical membership degree of that residue. This method can be converted to a classical method whenever we assume that any residue with a membership degree greater than 83 is a helix. Comparison of the results with structures reported in protein data bank (PDB), dictionary of secondary structure of proteins (DSSP) and structure identification (STRIDE) for 324 proteins indicate that our algorithm works as well as DSSP showing 93% agreement. We believe that the fuzzy secondary structure assignment has more advantages than the other classical approaches used for protein structure comparisons and alignments.
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
93
99
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7007_3a01acf822ef17f9a2370bdf78741cdd.pdf
A Protocol for Mass Production of Rosa hybrida cv. Iceberg Through in vitro Propagation
Pegah
Khosravi
Department of Crop sciences, University of Sari, Sari, I.R. Iran
author
Maryam
Jafarkhani Kermani
Department of Tissue Culture and Gene
Transformation, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, I.R. Iran
author
Gorban Ali
Nematzadeh
Department of Crop sciences, University of Sari, Sari, I.R. Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Bihamta
Department of Plant Breeding, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31587-8710, Karaj, I.R. Iran
author
text
article
2007
eng
Interactive effect of plant growth regulators 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0, 2, 4 and 8 µM) and 1-Naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) (0, 0.05, 0.25 and 0.5 µM) in Van der Salm (VS) medium was used to optimize in vitro propagation of Rosa hybrida cv. Iceberg. Shoot proliferation and number of new leaves were measured as growth indicators. As the concentration of BAP was raised, growth rate increased with all of the above NAA concentrations. However, the highest number of axillary shoots and new leaves were produced with 4 µM BAP, which was considered the optimal level. A multiplication rate of 10 folds with a maximum number of axillary shoots (10.1) and new leaves per explant (25) were obtained in the medium containing 4 µM BAP plus 0.5 µM NAA. In vitro-derived shoots were used to investigate root initiation and growth by lowering the concentration of VS mineral salts and vitamins. Three strengths of VS (full, 1/2 and 1/4) were compared in semi-solid and liquid medium. The average number of roots (4.35) and root length (0.82 cm) were significantly higher in 1/4 strength VS. The highest percentage of rooting (93.33%) and number of roots (4.45) were significantly higher in semi-solid than liquid medium. The regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred to soil and the survival rates of the rooted plantlets transferred to soil were 70% and 90% in plants treated with semi-sold and liquid media, respectively
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
100
104
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7014_29f3492c705de224e21062a8ab7166f9.pdf
Integration of A Lipase Gene into the Bacillus subtilis Chromosome: Recombinant Strains Without Antibiotic Resistance Marker
Hassan
Motejadded
Institute of Industrial Genetics, Allmandring 31, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
author
Josef
Altenbuchner
Institute of Industrial Genetics, Allmandring 31, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
author
text
article
2007
eng
A new system is presented for the generation of recombinant Bacillus subtilis strains without antibiotic markers. This system is based on two plasmids constructed in Escherichia coli. The first plasmid pHM30 contains an incomplete hisI gene, the last gene in the histidine biosynthesis operon of B. subtilis and part of the genes yvcA and yvcB of unkown function flanking hisI at the 3´-end. The spectinomycin resistance gene is inserted between hisI and the downstream yvcAB region. Transformation of B. subtilis with this plasmid pHM30 led to spectinomycin resistant, histidine auxotrophic strains. The integrated parts of pHM30 act like a docking station for the second plasmid pHM31. The plasmid pHM31 contains the same yvcAB region but a complete copy of the hisI gene and no antibiotic resistance marker. Heterologous genes to be expressed in B. subtilis were inserted into a multiple cloning site between hisI and the downstream region. Transformants of B.subtilis/pHM30 with pHM31 derivatives were selected on minimal medium without histidine. By double crossovers during homologous recombination the heterologous genes were integrated, replacing the defect copy of hisI and the spectinomycin resistance gene. The plasmids were also successfully applied in the chromosomal integration of the lipase gene of Bacillus thermocatenulatus under a B. subtilis glucose regulated promotor/antiterminator system.
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
105
109
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7029_8b893d8a6749240f50366d7fd6527202.pdf
Production and purification of a protease from an alkalophilic Bacillus sp. 2-5 strain isolated from soil
Hamidreza
Falahatpishe
Department of Food Technology Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute,
Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., P.O. Box 19395-4147, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
Mahmoud
Jalali
Department of Nutrition and
Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, I.R. Iran
author
Naser
Badami
Department of Nutrition and
Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, I.R. Iran
author
Nadia
Mardani
Department of Nutrition and
Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, I.R. Iran
author
Kianoush
Khosravi-Darani
Department of Food Technology Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute,
Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., P.O. Box 19395-4147, Tehran, I.R. Iran
author
text
article
2007
eng
This research has focused on isolation and characterization of a strain of Bacillus sp. from alkaline soil, which was able to produce extracellular alkaline protease at pHs ranging from 8 to 11 and temperatures of 20 to 50ºC. Also the impact of different carbon and nitrogen sources were investigated. The yield and fold of enzyme purification was 24% and 50 times, respectively. Molecular weight of purified enzyme was measured by SDS-PAGE as 24.7 kDa. The alkaline protease produced by Bacillus sp. 2 - 5 showed the most caseinolytic activity (without any gelatinolytic activity) at pH>10
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
110
113
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_9426_f4e408bdf8aee17bd08445f937d29917.pdf
Biosorption of Textile Dyes and Effluents by Pleurotusflorida and Trametes Hirsutawith Evaluation of Their Laccase Activity
Sathiya Moorthi
Perumal
Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Dr. M.G.R. University,
Chennai-600 095, India
author
Deecaraman
Munuswamy
Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Dr. M.G.R. University,
Chennai-600 095, India
author
Periyar Selvam
Sellamuthu
Center for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai-600 025, India
author
Murugesan
Kandasamy
Center for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai-600 025, India
author
Kalaichelvan
Puthupalayam Thangavelu
Center for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai-600 025, India
author
text
article
2007
eng
The rate and efficiency of decolorization of dyes like Blue CA, Black B133, and Corazol Violet SR were tested to evaluate white rot fungal strains. Trametes hirsuta and Pleurotus florida showed the greatest extent of decolorization on nutrient salt media. Maximum decolorization of 200 mg/l of Blue 133 was obtained by 4 days old incubated Pleurotus florida followed by Trametes hirsuta after 6 days. An attempt was made to improve the decolorization activity of both organisms with different concentrations of glucose 1 and 2% (w/v). The decolorization activity may be due to the laccase enzyme of white rot fungi. The production of this enzyme was estimated using solid state fermentation with rice bran as a substrate. It was found that P. florida exhibited 0.175 U/ml of laccase activity followed 0.126U/ml by T. hirsute, respectively. Decolourization was found to be more effective with P. florida in the presence of 2% (w/v) glucose. Crude extract containing the laccase enzyme was isolated and confirmed by SDS PAGE
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran
1728-3043
5
v.
2
no.
2007
114
118
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7030_668dfcef961b0e1f6af7f806ec70d6e5.pdf